The Role of Electronic Noses in Phenotyping Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Biosensors (Basel). 2020 Nov 11;10(11):171. doi: 10.3390/bios10110171.

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common progressive disorder of the respiratory system which is currently the third leading cause of death worldwide. Exhaled breath analysis is a non-invasive method to study lung diseases, and electronic noses have been extensively used in breath research. Studies with electronic noses have proved that the pattern of exhaled volatile organic compounds is different in COPD. More recent investigations have reported that electronic noses could potentially distinguish different endotypes (i.e., neutrophilic vs. eosinophilic) and are able to detect microorganisms in the airways responsible for exacerbations. This article will review the published literature on electronic noses and COPD and help in identifying methodological, physiological, and disease-related factors which could affect the results.

Keywords: COPD; VOCs; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; e-nose; electronic nose; volatile organic compounds.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Breath Tests
  • Electronic Nose*
  • Exhalation
  • Humans
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / diagnosis*
  • Volatile Organic Compounds

Substances

  • Volatile Organic Compounds