Effects of sire line, birth weight and sex on growth performance and carcass traits of crossbred pigs under standardized environmental conditions

Abstract

A variety of available terminal sire lines makes the choice of terminal sire line complex for the pig producer. Higher birth weights are important for subsequent growth performance and selection for this trait is also necessary in sire lines. The aim was to investigate the effect of sire line, birth weight and gender on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality. In total 3844 crossbred pigs from Camborough Pig Improvement Company (PIC) dams matched with either a Synthetic (A) or Piétrain (B) sire line were used. Pigs from line A grew faster ( $p<0.01$ ), showed higher feed intake ( $p<0.01$ ) and reached a higher final body weight ( $p\le 0.01$ ), but they had a similar efficiency ( $p=0.179$ ). Leaner carcasses and heavier primal cuts ( $p<0.001$ ) were observed in pigs from line B. Carcasses from pigs sired by line A had higher meat quality ( $p<0.001$ ). Males had a higher growth rate ( $p\le 0.05$ ) but had a poorer feed efficiency ( $p<0.01$ ). Heavier birth weight pigs and females had leaner, higher value carcasses with heavier primal cuts ( $p<0.001$ ) compared to middle and low birth weight females or males. Sire line by sex interactions was significant for growth ( $p\le 0.05$ ) and carcass traits ( $p<0.001$ ). Interaction between sire line and birth weight classes were only detected for loin depth ( $p<0.01$ ). Line A is preferable if the numbers of fatting pigs per fattening place and year should be improved, and line B is an option to increase leanness and carcass primal cuts.