Cholinesterase and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Potential and Antioxidant Capacity of Lysimachia verticillaris L. and Isolation of the Major Compounds

Ufuk Özgen; Sıla Özlem Şener; Karel Šmejkal; Jiri Vaclavik; Fatma Sezer Şenol Denİz; İlkay ErdoĞan Orhan; Emil Svajdlenka; Ahmet C GÖren; Milan ŽemliČka

doi:10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.71598

Cholinesterase and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Potential and Antioxidant Capacity of Lysimachia verticillaris L. and Isolation of the Major Compounds

Turk J Pharm Sci. 2020 Oct;17(5):528-534. doi: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.71598. Epub 2020 Oct 30.

Authors

Ufuk Özgen¹, Sıla Özlem Şener¹, Karel Šmejkal², Jiri Vaclavik², Fatma Sezer Şenol Denİz³, İlkay ErdoĞan Orhan³, Emil Svajdlenka², Ahmet C GÖren⁴, Milan ŽemliČka²

Affiliations

¹ Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Trabzon, Turkey.
² University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Natural Drugs, Brno, Czechia.
³ Gazi University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ankara, Turkey.
⁴ Bezmialem Vakıf University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, İstanbul, Turkey.

Abstract

Objectives: The scope of the present study was to specify the therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases through evaluating cholinesterase and tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitory and antioxidant activity of Lysimachia verticillaris (LV), and to isolate the major compounds considering the most active fraction.

Materials and methods: The methanol extract (ME) of LV and the chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAC), and aqueous fractions obtained from it were used for biological activity and isolation studies. The ME and all fractions were tested for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and TYR inhibitory and antioxidant potentials using ELISA microtiter assays. Seven major compounds were isolated from the active EtOAC fraction by semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by several spectroscopic methods.

Results: Marked AChE inhibitory activity was observed in the EtOAC fraction (6337±1.74%), BChE inhibitory activity in the ME and EtOAC fraction (85.84±3.01% and 83.82±3.93%), total phenol content in the EtOAC fraction (261.59±3.95 mg equivalent of gallic acid/1 g of extract) and total flavonoid contents in the EtOAC fraction (515.54±2.80 mg equivalent of quercetin/1 g of extract), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power values in the aqueous and EtOAC fractions (92.54±0.67%, 92.11±0.30%; 2.318±0.054, 2.224±0.091, respectively). Accordingly, the isolation studies were carried out on the EtOAC fractions. Compounds 1-7 (gallic acid, (+)-catechin, myricetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside, myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside, and quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, respectively) were isolated from the active EtOAC fraction.

Conclusion: LV may be a potential herbal source for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases based on its strong antioxidant activity and significant cholinesterase inhibition similar to that of the reference.

Keywords: Anticholinesterase; HPLC; Lysimachia; isolation; tyrosinase.