Recent advances in screening active components from natural products based on bioaffinity techniques

Abstract

Natural products have provided numerous lead compounds for drug discovery. However, the traditional analytical methods cannot detect most of these active components, especially at their usual low concentrations, from complex natural products. Herein, we reviewed the recent technological advances (2015-2019) related to the separation and screening bioactive components from natural resources, especially the emerging screening methods based on the bioaffinity techniques, including biological chromatography, affinity electrophoresis, affinity mass spectroscopy, and the latest magnetic and optical methods. These screening methods are uniquely advanced compared to other traditional methods, and they can fish out the active components from complex natural products because of the affinity between target and components, without tedious separation works. Therefore, these new tools can reduce the time and cost of the drug discovery process and accelerate the development of more effective and better-targeted therapeutic agents.

Keywords: AAs, amaryllidaceous alkaloids; ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1; ACE, affinity capillary electrophoresis; APTES, 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane; ASMS, affinity selection mass spectrometry; Active components; Bioaffinity techniques; CMC, Cell membrane chromatography; CMMCNTs, Cell membrane magnetic carbon nanotube; CMSP, Cell membrane stationary phase; CNT, carbon nanotubes; ChE, cholesterol efflux; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; FP, fluorescence polarization; Fe3O4–NH2, aminated magnetic nanoparticles; HCS, high content screen; HTS, high throughout screen; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; IMER, immobilized enzyme microreactor; MAO-B, monoamine oxidases B; MNP, immobilized on nanoparticles; MPTS, 3-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane; MS, mass spectrometry; MSPE, magnetic solid-phase extraction; Natural products; PD, Parkinson's disease; PMG, physcion-8-O-β-d-monoglucoside; RGD, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid; SPR, surface plasmon resonance; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Screening; TCMs, traditional Chinese medicines; TYR, tyrosinase; TYR-MNPs, tyrosinase-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles; Topo I, topoisomerase I; UF, affinity ultrafiltration; XOD, xanthine oxidase; α1A-AR, α1A-adrenergic receptor.