COVID-19 and the Brain: Acute Encephalitis as a Clinical Manifestation

Cureus. 2020 Oct 3;12(10):e10784. doi: 10.7759/cureus.10784.

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) viral infections result in the clinical syndromes of aseptic meningitis or encephalitis. Although the primary target of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the respiratory system, it is increasingly being recognized as a neuropathogen. The hallmark clinical feature is altered mental status, ranging from mild confusion to deep coma. Most patients with encephalopathy or encephalitis are critically ill. We present a case of COVID-19-related encephalitis who presented with acute delirium and new-onset seizures. The patient responded well to treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins and rituximab.

Keywords: acute encephalopathy; coronavirus disease 2019; rituximab; viral encephalitis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports