Anatase TiO2 with Co-exposed (001) and (101) Surface-Based Photocatalytic Materials for Energy Conversion and Environmental Purification

Abstract

Anatase TiO₂ with co-exposed (001) and (101) surfaces [(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ], as a semiconductor photocatalyst in crystal plane control engineering, has become a research hotspot in environmental purification and energy conversion due to its strong physicochemical stability, non-toxic and harmless, and low production cost. This review briefly introduces the basic principles and influencing factors of [(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ]. On this basis, the effect of heterostructures formed by different materials and modification methods on its photocatalytic activity are elaborated in detail. Mainly formed heterostructures mentioned in this review include oxygen vacancy/Ti³⁺ -[(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ] heterostructures, noble metal-[(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ] heterostructures, metal sulfide-[(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ] heterostructures, metal oxide-[(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ] heterostructures and carbon material-[(001)-(101)-TiO₂ ] heterostructures. The light absorption range and charge separation mechanism of (001)-(101)-TiO₂ after modification are discussed. Moreover, the application of photocatalytic redox reaction in simulating photosynthesis to prepare new energy (hydrogen evolution and CO₂ reduction), environmental purification and sterilization is introduced in detail. Finally, various measures of designing (001)-(101)-TiO₂ nanostructures for further applications in energy production and environmental remediation are discussed.

Keywords: Anatase TiO2; Applications; Co-exposed (001) and (101) surfaces; Modification; Photocatalysts.