Osteogenic Effect of tsRNA-10277-Loaded Exosome Derived from Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020 Oct 28:14:4579-4591. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S258024. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Purpose: Steroids are known to inhibit osteogenic differentiation and subsequent bone formation in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, little is known about the role of BMSC exosomes (Exos) and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). The objective of this study was to characterize the tsRNA expression profiles of plasma Exos collected from SONFH patients and healthy individuals using small RNA sequencing and further explore the effect of BMSC Exos carrying specific tsRNAs on osteogenic differentiation.

Materials and methods: Based on insights from small RNA sequencing, five differentially expressed (DE) tsRNAs were selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The regulatory networks associated with interactions of the tsRNAs-mRNA-pathways were reconstructed. The osteogenesis and adipogenesis in BMSCs were detected via ALP and oil red O staining methods, respectively.

Results: A total of 345 DE small RNAs were screened, including 223 DE tsRNAs. The DE tsRNAs were enriched in Wnt signaling pathway and osteogenic differentiation. We identified five DE tsRNAs, among which tsRNA-10277 was significantly downregulated in plasma Exos of SONFH patients compared to that in healthy individuals. Dexamethasone-induced BMSCs were associated with an increased fraction of lipid droplets and decreased osteogenic differentiation, whereas BMSC Exos restored the osteogenic differentiation of that. After treatment of tsRNA-10277-loaded BMSC Exos, the lipid droplets and osteogenic differentiation ability were found to be decreased and enhanced in dexamethasone-induced BMSCs, respectively.

Conclusion: An altered tsRNA profile might be involved in the pathophysiology of SONFH. tsRNA-10277-loaded BMSC Exos enhanced osteogenic differentiation ability of dexamethasone-induced BMSCs. Our results provide novel insights into the osteogenic effect of BMSC Exos carrying specific tsRNAs on SONFH.

Keywords: BMSC exosomes; osteogenic differentiation; small RNA sequencing; steroid-induced femoral head necrosis; tsRNA-10277.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Dexamethasone / adverse effects*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Exosomes / drug effects*
  • Exosomes / metabolism
  • Female
  • Femur Head / drug effects*
  • Femur Head / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / drug effects*
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Structure
  • Osteogenesis / drug effects*
  • RNA, Transfer / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • RNA, Transfer / genetics
  • RNA, Transfer / metabolism
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Dexamethasone
  • RNA, Transfer

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Fujian Provincial Department of Finance Special Allocation (2018B022, BPB-LJH2015-2), the Youth Backbone Talent Training Program of Fujian Provincial Health System (2017-ZQN-48), the 2018 “13th Five-Year Plan” project of the Fujian Provincial Department of Education (FJJKCG18-021), and the Startup Fund for Scientific Research of Fujian Medical University (2018QH1062).