Objective: To analyze the HIV positive detection rate from different detection channels in Chinese medical institutions. Methods: A Meta-analysis was conducted. First of all, the literature on HIV testing of medical institutions in China was systematically searched on China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Information Chinese journal Service platform and PubMed. Secondly, a self-made information table was used to collect the basic information, HIV positive number and test number of the literature. Finally, R 4.0.2 software was used to calculate the pooled HIV detection rate and 95%CI of the whole population, detection approaches subgroups and regions subgroups, and then the forest map was drawn. Funnel plot was used to analyze publication bias. Results: A total of 45 studies which covered 22 provinces. Meta analysis showed that the pooled HIV positive rate was 0.82‰ (95%CI: 0.62‰-1.04‰). Subgroup analysis showed that the HIV positive rate of STD outpatient was the highest (3.01‰ (95%CI: 1.76‰-4.58‰), followed by other patients (1.43‰ (95%CI: 1.00‰-1.93‰)). The HIV positive rate of western China was the highest (1.14‰ (95%CI: 0.72‰-1.63‰)). The HIV positive rate in 2008-2017 was higher than in 2000-2007. The Egger test indicated no publication bias (t=-0.737, P=0.465). Conclusion: The HIV positive detection rate of patients in medical institutions in China was at a low level, but the positive rate of patients in STD clinics was relatively high. Therefore, the HIV testing should be further expanded in this population. Secondly, HIV screening should be strengthened for other patients.
目的： 分析我国医疗机构不同检测途径HIV阳性检出率情况。 方法： 采用Meta分析的方法，首先系统检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、PubMed数据库中有关中国医疗机构开展HIV检测的文献；再使用自制的表格整理纳入文献的基本信息、HIV确证阳性数和检测数等；最终采用R 4.0.2软件计算总体、不同检测途径、不同地区亚组的HIV合并阳性检出率及其95%CI，并绘制森林图，采用漏斗图分析发表偏倚。 结果： 本研究共纳入45篇文献，覆盖全国22个省（市、自治区）。Meta分析结果显示，合并的总体HIV阳性检出率为0.82‰（95%CI：0.62‰~1.04‰）；亚组分析结果显示，性病门诊检测的HIV阳性检出率最高，为3.01‰（95%CI：1.76‰~4.58‰），其次为其他就诊检测［1.43‰（95%CI：1.00‰~1.93‰）］，西部地区的HIV阳性检出率最高，为1.14‰（95%CI：0.72‰~1.63‰），2008—2017年的阳性检出率明显高于2000—2007年；Egger检验结果显示不存在发表偏倚（t=-0.737，P=0.465）。 结论： 我国医疗机构就诊者HIV阳性检出率处于较低水平，性病门诊就诊者阳性检出率较高，应在此人群中进一步扩大动员检测，其次，应加强对医疗机构其他就诊者开展HIV筛查。.
Keywords: HIV positive; HIV testing; Medical institutions; Meta-analysis.