Fracture is a common physical injury. Its healing process involves complex biological activities at tissue, cellular and molecular levels and is affected by mechanical and biological factors. Over recent years, numerical simulation methods have been widely used to explore the mechanisms of fracture healing, design fixators and develop novel treatment strategies, etc. This paper mainly recommend the numerical methods used for simulating fracture healing and their latest research progress, which helps people better understand the mechanism of fracture healing, and also provides direction and guidance for the numerical simulation research of fracture healing in the future. First, the fracture healing process and its relationship with mechanical stimulation and biological factors are described. Then, the numerical models used for simulating fracture healing (including mechano-regulatory model, biological regulatory model and mechano-biological regulatory model) and corresponding modeling techniques (mainly including agent-based techniques and fuzzy logic controlling method) were summarized in particular. Finally, the future research directions in numerical simulation of fracture healing were preliminarily prospected.
骨折是一种常见的身体损伤，其愈合过程涉及复杂的组织、细胞和分子层次生物学活动，且受力学和生物学因素的影响。近年来，数值模拟方法在探索骨折愈合机制、设计骨折固定装置和发展新型治疗策略等方面均有广泛的应用。本文主要介绍模拟骨折愈合的数值方法及其最新的研究进展，帮助人们更好地了解骨折愈合的机制，同时也期望能对未来骨折愈合的数值模拟研究提供方向和指导。首先，介绍骨折愈合的生物学过程及其与力学刺激和生物学因素的关系，然后侧重总结了用于模拟骨折愈合的数值模型（包括力学调控模型、生物学调控模型和力学生物学耦合调控模型）以及实现骨折愈合的数值建模方法（主要包括基于代理的技术和模糊逻辑控制方法），最后对骨折愈合数值模拟研究的发展方向进行初步展望。.
Keywords: fracture healing; mechanobiology; numerical model; tissue differentiation.