The variability in the size of red blood cells (RBCs) is an important additional diagnostic parameter for diseases, which has been established as a part of the complete blood count (CBC). The CBC can be performed using an automated flow cytometer, but it is too bulky and expensive for point-of-care testing. A miniaturized lensless imaging system is a competitive modality for a CBC, that is small and inexpensive. There are two challenges in developing a lensless imaging system for taking the CBC, which make the measurement of the RBC size very difficult: the diffraction effect and the low resolution. In this paper, the RBC radius measurement is replaced with a diffraction ring radius measurement. The diffraction ring radius is much larger than the RBC radius. This feature can improve the imaging resolution. Based on Fresnel diffraction, the relationship between the radius of RBCs and the diffraction fringes is analyzed. Finally, a complete measurement algorithm for determining the RBC size based on the lensless imaging system is given, which can be used to measure the variability in the size of RBCs. In our experiment, the maximum error is less than 6.74%.
Keywords: biological cells; diffraction; lensless imaging; red blood cell.
© 2020 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.