The development of sophisticated molecular modeling software and new bioinformatic tools, as well as the emergence of data banks containing detailed information about a huge number of proteins, enabled the de novo intelligent design of synthetic affinity ligands. Such synthetic compounds can be tailored to mimic natural biological recognition motifs or to interact with key surface-exposed residues on target proteins, and are designated as "biomimetic ligands". A well-established methodology for generating biomimetic or synthetic affinity ligands integrates rational design with combinatorial solid-phase synthesis and screening, using the triazine scaffold and analogs of amino acid side chains to create molecular diversity.Triazine-based synthetic ligands are nontoxic, low-cost, and highly stable compounds that can replace advantageously natural biological ligands in the purification of proteins by affinity-based methodologies.
Keywords: Affinity; Biomimetic; Combinatorial synthesis; Design; Protein purification; Screening; Triazine-scaffolded ligands.