Bacterial proliferation on certain surfaces is of concern as it tends to lead to infectious health problems. Nanotechnology is offering new options for engineering antimicrobial surfaces. Herein, the antibiofilm and biocidal properties of star-shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNSs) in suspension and as coating surfaces were studied. AgNSs and spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (used for comparison purposes) were synthesized using reported methods. Glass disks (9 mm diameter) were covered with AgNSs using deposition by centrifugation. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of AgNSs and AgNPs were determined against several reference strains and multidrug-resistant isolates and their antibiofilm activity was assessed against preformed biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus by both Live/Dead staining and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The antimicrobial properties of AgNSs-coated surfaces were evaluated by the "touch test" method on agar, and also Live/Dead staining and AFM. The MIC values of the AgNSs were 2-4 times lower than those of the AgNPs. Biofilms treated with AgNSs at a concentration equal to the MIC were not significantly affected, although they exhibited more dead cells than the non-treated biofilms. The biocidal activity of AgNSs-coated surfaces was attested, since no growth on agar nor viable cells were observed after contact of the inoculated bacteria with the coated surface for 6 and 24 h. Thus, AgNSs show greater potential as a surface coating with biocidal effects than used as suspension for antimicrobial purposes.
Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; antimicrobial surfaces; biocidal properties; silver nanoparticles; star-shaped silver nanoparticles.