In vitro thrombus formation and in vivo hemostasis mediated by platelets irradiated with bactericidal ultraviolet C from xenon flash under flow conditions

Transfusion. 2021 Jan;61(1):191-201. doi: 10.1111/trf.16138. Epub 2020 Oct 27.

Abstract

Background: We previously reported a flow path-ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation system for platelet concentrates (PCs) with platelet additive solution (PAS) to minimize contamination by bacteria. Here, we investigated functionalities of irradiated platelets (PLTs) in in vitro thrombus formation and in vivo hemostasis.

Study design and methods: PAS-PCs were irradiated with flash UVC using the flow path system. Their variables (PLT count, mean platelet volume, pH, glucose, lactate, glycoprotein [GP] Ib, and activated integrin αIIbβ3) were evaluated. Static adhesion to collagen or fibrinogen was analyzed using fluorescent microscopy. Thrombus formation under flow conditions was assessed using a collagen-coated bead column. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced Akt phosphorylation was determined by western blot. In vivo hemostasis and circulatory survival of PLTs were assessed with a rabbit bleeding model.

Results: All variables, except for GPIb expression, were slightly, but significantly, impaired after flash UVC irradiation throughout the 6-day storage period. No difference was observed in static adhesion to either collagen or fibrinogen between irradiated and nonirradiated PAS-PCs. In vitro thrombus formation of flash UVC-irradiated PAS-PCs was significantly greater than that of nonirradiated PAS-PCs. ADP-induced Akt phosphorylation was enhanced in irradiated PAS-PCs. In vivo hemostatic efficacy was comparable between the groups on Day 1. The efficacy declined in nonirradiated PAS-PCs on Day 5, while it was retained in flash UVC-irradiated PAS-PCs. Circulatory survival of PLTs was lower in irradiated PAS-PCs.

Conclusions: PAS-PCs irradiated with UVC from xenon flash have favorable properties to achieve hemostasis compared with nonirradiated PAS-PCs.

Keywords: collagen beads; platelets; rabbit hemostasis; thrombus formation; ultraviolet C; xenon flash.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Diphosphate / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Bacteria / radiation effects
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism*
  • Blood Platelets / radiation effects
  • Collagen / metabolism
  • Collagen / radiation effects
  • Fibrinogen / metabolism
  • Fibrinogen / radiation effects
  • Hemostasis / physiology*
  • Hemostasis / radiation effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mean Platelet Volume / statistics & numerical data
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence / methods
  • Models, Animal
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / metabolism
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / radiation effects
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex / metabolism
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex / radiation effects
  • Plateletpheresis / methods
  • Rabbits
  • Thrombosis / metabolism*
  • Ultraviolet Rays / adverse effects*
  • Xenon / adverse effects*
  • Xenon / radiation effects

Substances

  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex
  • Xenon
  • Adenosine Diphosphate
  • Fibrinogen
  • Collagen