Knowledge and practice of mothers of school-going children regarding iodized salt and its association with the psychology testing of the students

Sonali Kar; P C Samantaray; Snigdha Singh; Bhagawati C Das

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_260_20

Knowledge and practice of mothers of school-going children regarding iodized salt and its association with the psychology testing of the students

J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Jul 30;9(7):3411-3415. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_260_20. eCollection 2020 Jul.

Authors

Sonali Kar¹, P C Samantaray², Snigdha Singh³, Bhagawati C Das⁴

Affiliations

¹ Deapartment of Community Medicine, KIMS, Bhubanswar, Odisha, India.
² Project Consultant, Deapartment of Community Medicine, KIMS, Bhubanswar, Odisha, India.
³ Tutor, Deapartment of Community Medicine, KIMS, Bhubanswar, Odisha, India.
⁴ Emeritus Professor, Deapartment of Community Medicine, KIMS, Bhubanswar, Odisha, India.

Abstract

Context: Iodized salt is the mainstay intervention to tackle iodine-related disorders. In spite of the government's efforts to make iodized salt available in more than 90% of the households across the country, there are sketchy details on its use. Since the main propagators of this intervention are the mothers cooking in kitchen, this study was conceived, as a corollary to a larger micronutrient assessment study among school-going children.

Aims: The aim of this was to assess knowledge, practice of mothers of school-going children (6-16 years) regarding use of iodized salt, and to see any association between the simple psychological testing of the children and the iodine content of the salt used in home kitchen and the contributing factors thereof.

Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing mothers of 240 school-going children of age groups 6-11 years and 12-16 years from six schools of Bhubaneswar using a semi-structured questionnaire regarding their knowledge on iodine and its deficiency and the practice of using iodized salt. MBI kit was used to assess the iodine content of salt used at home. The psychology adeptness of students was assessed using the standardized and validated coding, standard progressive matrices, and colored progressive matrices tests.

Statistical analysis: Analysis was done using SPSS version 16, wherein the sociodemographic data were shown in proportions, and the iodine content was taken as the dependent continuous variable and means reported. For the sake of associations with intelligence and cognition, a binary logistic regression model was drawn.

Results: It reports that 47.5% of mothers knew that iodized salt is good for health and iodine content measured using MBI kit was 15 ppm and above for 71.7% of the sample. Further, iodine content in salt is seen as protective for cognition and also for IQ.

Conclusions: The knowledge of the mothers' needs reinforcement regarding iodine and related disorders and the benefits of iodized salt. The aim of the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Program can only be achieved by generating awareness, regular follow-up, and improving the iodization of salt.

Keywords: Cognition; intelligence quotient; iodized salt; micronutrient; school-going children.