Cardiovascular outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting balloons in chronic kidney disease: a retrospective analysis

BMC Nephrol. 2020 Oct 23;21(1):445. doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-02089-w.

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with poorer outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents. Drug-eluting balloons are used for in-stent restenosis and selected cases of de-novo coronary lesions. Little is known regarding the outcomes of individuals with CKD who undergo PCI with drug-eluting balloons. The goal of this study was to assess outcomes of PCI with drug-eluting balloons in individuals with CKD.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis, outcomes of PCI with drug-eluting balloons were compared between 101 patients with CKD and 261 without CKD. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73m2. We compared demographics, procedure data and clinical outcomes in the first and second years following the procedure.

Results: Rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and myocardial infarction were higher in patients with than without CKD: 23.8% vs. 13.8%, P < 0.005 and 15.9% vs. 3.8%, P < 0.001, respectively. Rates of target lesion revascularization were similar, 14.9 and 11.5%, respectively, P = 0.4. Shorter duration of dual anti-platelet therapy was observed among patients with than without CKD (10.0 + 3.4 vs. 10.9 + 3.7 months, P < 0.05). First-year hemorrhage episodes were similar in the two groups (0.08 ± 0.4 and 0.03 ± 0.2, respectively, P = 0.2). In a multivariate regression analysis, CKD was associated with increased risks of first year MACE (OR 2.1; 95% confidence interval 1.0-4.3, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: PCI with drug-eluting balloons was associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with than without CKD. However, rates of target lesion revascularization were similar in the two groups. Shorter duration of dual anti-platelet therapy was observed in the CKD group.

Keywords: Cardiovascular mortality; Chronic kidney disease; Drug-eluting balloons; Drug-eluting stents; Dual anti-platelet therapy; In-stent restenosis; Ischemic heart disease; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Target lesion revascularization.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Coronary Artery Disease / complications*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / surgery*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug-Eluting Stents / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Regression Analysis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors