Background: Velocity- and power-based training are popular methods of determining training session loads and volumes. One factor that may influence load-velocity and load-power properties of an individual is the myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition of the muscle. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between MHC composition and both load-velocity and load-power properties of muscle performance.
Methods: Forty-two men with a variety of training backgrounds took part in this study (mean±SD; age=22.4±3.5 yrs, hgt=1.78±0.07 m, BW=78.7±13.3 kg). After testing leg extension one repetition maximum (1 RM), subjects performed maximal effort leg extensions at loads from 30% to 90% 1 RM. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were analyzed via SDS-PAGE electrophoresis technique for MHC content (IIx=13.8±12.9%, IIa=49.4±10.3%, I=36.8±11.3%). Leg extension rotational velocity and power were plotted against relative loads for all subjects.
Results: Significant correlations (P<0.05) were observed for MHC IIa with all performance variables (i.e. slopes, intercepts, peaks and relative loads). Relationships indicated that greater %MHC IIa was associated with greater velocity intercepts, more negative load-velocity slopes, greater maximal power, and with maximal power occurring at a lower relative intensity (% 1 RM).
Conclusions: These data indicate that muscle velocity and power characteristics appear to be partially influenced by MHC content in a manner consistent with single muscle fiber contractile properties.