Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Exacerbate Amebic Liver Abscess in Mice

Risa Nakamura; Akihiro Yoshizawa; Taeko Moriyasu; Sharmina Deloer; Masachika Senba; Mihoko Kikuchi; Shigeo Koyasu; Kazuyo Moro; Shinjiro Hamano

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2020.101544

Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Exacerbate Amebic Liver Abscess in Mice

iScience. 2020 Sep 8;23(9):101544. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101544. eCollection 2020 Sep 25.

Authors

Risa Nakamura^{1

2

3}, Akihiro Yoshizawa^{4

5}, Taeko Moriyasu^{2

3

6}, Sharmina Deloer^{1

2

3

7}, Masachika Senba^{3

8}, Mihoko Kikuchi^{3

9}, Shigeo Koyasu^{10

11}, Kazuyo Moro^{4

12}, Shinjiro Hamano^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
² Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Doctoral Leadership Program, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
³ The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Japan.
⁴ Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan.
⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW), School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
⁶ Kenya Research Station, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
⁷ Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Maryland, USA.
⁸ Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
⁹ Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
¹⁰ Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
¹² Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Abstract

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite in the lumen of the human large intestine, occasionally spreads to the liver and induces amebic liver abscesses (ALAs). Upon infection with E. histolytica, high levels of type 2 cytokines are induced in the liver early after infection. However, the sources and functions of these initial type 2 cytokines in ALA formation remain unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in ALA formation. Hepatic ILC2 numbers were significantly increased and they produced robust levels of IL-5. The in vivo transfer of ILC2s into Rag2^-/-common γ chain (γ_c)^-/- KO mice aggravated ALA formation accompanied by eosinophilia and neutrophilia. Furthermore, IL-33-deficient mice and IL-5-neutralized mice had less ALA formations. These results suggest that ILC2s contribute to exacerbating the pathogenesis of ALA by producing early type 2 cytokines and promoting the accumulation of eosinophils and neutrophils in the liver.

Keywords: Immunology; Microbiology; Microbiology Parasite.