UPLC-HRMS Analysis Revealed the Differential Accumulation of Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Lignans and Neolignans in In Vitro Cultures of Linum usitatissimum L

Shankhamala Bose; Thibaut Munsch; Arnaud Lanoue; Laurine Garros; Duangjai Tungmunnithum; Souhila Messaili; Emilie Destandau; Kévin Billet; Benoit St-Pierre; Marc Clastre; Bilal Haider Abbasi; Christophe Hano; Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc'h

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.508658

UPLC-HRMS Analysis Revealed the Differential Accumulation of Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Lignans and Neolignans in In Vitro Cultures of Linum usitatissimum L

Front Plant Sci. 2020 Sep 23:11:508658. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.508658. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Shankhamala Bose¹, Thibaut Munsch¹, Arnaud Lanoue¹, Laurine Garros^{2

3}, Duangjai Tungmunnithum^{3

4}, Souhila Messaili², Emilie Destandau², Kévin Billet¹, Benoit St-Pierre¹, Marc Clastre¹, Bilal Haider Abbasi^{1

3

5}, Christophe Hano³, Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc'h¹

Affiliations

¹ EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
² UMR7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, Orléans, France.
³ USC1328 Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Université d'Orléans, INRA, Orléans, France.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁵ Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Abstract

Over the last few decades, methods relating to plant tissue culture have become prevalent within the cosmetic industry. Forecasts predict the cosmetic industry to grow to an annual turnover of around a few hundred billion US dollars. Here we focused on Linum usitatissimum L., a plant that is well-known for its potent cosmetic properties. Following the a) establishment of cell cultures from three distinct initial explant origins (root, hypocotyl, and cotyledon) and b) selection of optimal hormonal concentrations, two in vitro systems (callus vs cell suspensions) were subjected to different light conditions. Phytochemical analysis by UPLC-HRMS not only confirmed high (neo)lignan accumulation capacity of this species with high concentrations of seven newly described (neo)lignans. Evaluation over 30 days revealed strong variations between the two different in vitro systems cultivated under light or dark, in terms of their growth kinetics and phytochemical composition. Additionally, antioxidant (i.e. four different in vitro assays based on hydrogen-atom transfer or electron transfer mechanism) and anti-aging (i.e. four in vitro inhibition potential of the skin remodeling enzymes: elastase, hyaluronidase, collagenase and tyrosinase) properties were evaluated for the two different in vitro systems cultivated under light or dark. A prominent hydrogen-atom transfer antioxidant mechanism was illustrated by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Potent tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities were also observed, which was strongly influenced by the in vitro system and light conditions. Statistical treatments of the data showed relationship of some (neo)lignans with these biological activities. These results confirmed the accumulation of flax (neo)lignans in different in vitro systems that were subjected to distinct light conditions. Furthermore, we showed the importance of optimizing these parameters for specific applications within the cosmetic industry.

Keywords: anti-aging activity; antioxidant activity; callus; cell culture; lignans; neolignans.