Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy: A mini-review

Neurotoxicology. 2020 Dec:81:161-171. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.10.004. Epub 2020 Oct 11.

Abstract

Vincristine (VCR), an alkaloid extracted from vinca, is often used in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs to treat a variety of cancers, such as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), malignant lymphoma, and neuroblastoma. However, VCR possesses dose-dependent neurotoxicity, which is the main factor restricting its application. Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) not only limits the dose of VCR and leads to the discontinuation of treatment but also triggers serious damage to the physical and mental health of patients. In addition, VIPN brings huge healthcare costs to patients and society. Individuals with VIPN often exhibit mechanical allodynia, sensory/tactile disorders, and numbness in the hands and feet. Unfortunately, VIPN is easily ignored due to its variable symptoms, which gives rise to insufficient research on the aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease, thereby resulting in a lack of appropriate preventive and therapeutic management. We performed a comprehensive review of the latest findings on VIPN in terms of symptoms, risk factors, potential mechanisms, and prevention and treatment measures. The purpose was to help clinicians better understand and accurately diagnose VIPN, select appropriate intervention measures and reduce the damage to cancer patients.

Keywords: Neurotoxicity; Peripheral neuropathy; Treatment; Vincristine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / etiology*
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / metabolism
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / pathology
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / physiopathology
  • Peripheral Nerves / drug effects*
  • Peripheral Nerves / metabolism
  • Peripheral Nerves / pathology
  • Peripheral Nerves / physiopathology
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / metabolism
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / pathology
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / physiopathology
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Vincristine / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Vincristine