Purpose: The study aims (1) to examine the long-term effects (i.e., at 12 months) of the Montreal museum of fine arts (MMFA) participatory art-based activities on frailty in a subset of participants of the Art and Health (A-Health) study and (2) to compare these long-term effects with short-term effects (i.e., at 3 months).
Methods: The A-Health study is a pre-post intervention, single arm, prospective and longitudinal study. A subset of 101 participants (67.3%) who completed the 12-month follow-up assessment was selected for this study. The intervention consisted in one weekly structured participatory art-based workshop over a 3-month period. Participants were separated according to their frailty status: vigorous (i.e., no frailty) versus mild frailty, moderate frailty and frailty merging mild and moderate frailty. Frailty was assessed before the intervention (M0), at the end of the 3-month intervention (M3) and 12 months (M15) after the end of the intervention.
Results: The mean value of frailty score was lower after the intervention compared to the beginning, regardless of the time of the assessments (i.e., M3 and M15). The proportion of vigorous participants increased and the proportion of mild frail participants decreased at the end of the intervention (i.e., M3) but no long-term effect was shown (i.e., M15) compared to M0. The proportion of moderate frail participants and frail participants at M15 were significantly lower compared to M0.
Conclusion: The MMFA participatory art-based activities improved frailty at short and long terms, suggesting that it could be an effective way to promote an active and healthy aging.
Trial registration: NCT03557723; Title: Effect of Art Museum Activity Program for the Elderly on Health: A Pilot Study; First submission date: January 31, 2018; First posted date: June 15, 2018; prospectively registered.
Keywords: Art-based activity; Community dwelling; Experimental study; Frailty.