Macro-/nanoporous Al-doped ZnO/cellulose composites based on tunable cellulose fiber sizes for enhancing photocatalytic properties

Hongwei Li; Lili Zhang; Hailong Lu; Jinxia Ma; Xiaofan Zhou; Zhiguo Wang; Caifu Yi

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116873

Macro-/nanoporous Al-doped ZnO/cellulose composites based on tunable cellulose fiber sizes for enhancing photocatalytic properties

Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Dec 15:250:116873. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116873. Epub 2020 Aug 7.

Authors

Hongwei Li¹, Lili Zhang², Hailong Lu³, Jinxia Ma⁴, Xiaofan Zhou⁵, Zhiguo Wang⁶, Caifu Yi⁷

Affiliations

¹ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: 1490027384@qq.com.
² Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: zhangll@njfu.edu.cn.
³ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: hailonglull@126.com.
⁴ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: jxma@njfu.edu.cn.
⁵ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: zxiaofan@njfu.com.cn.
⁶ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: wzg@njfu.edu.cn.
⁷ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Zhejiang Hengda New Material Co. LTD, Longyou, 324401, China. Electronic address: 474727976@qq.com.

PMID: 33049821
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116873

Abstract

Porous Al-doped ZnO/cellulose (AZOC) composites were successfully fabricated via a chemical deposition method. The micro-/nano cellulose fibers (MNCF) with tunable sizes were prepared by grinding treatment, and used as substrates for synthesizing ZnO/MNCF and AZOC composites. With the increasing of grinding treatment times, the average fiber diameter of MNCF decreased, that of MNCF-10, MNCF-20 and MNCF-30 were 100 nm, 58 nm and 31 nm, which was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fiber sizes of MNCF played an important role in the sizes of ZnO and Al-doped ZnO, also pore structures and photocatalytic properties of ZnO/MNCF and AZOC composites. The sizes of ZnO (or Al-doped ZnO) nanoparticles decreased with the decreasing of MNCF diameter. The AZOC composite with average fiber diameter of 31 nm (under grinding treatment of 30 times) exhibited the highest porosity (94.6 %). The obtained ZnO/MNCF and AZOC composites were further analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Due to the introduction of Al element dopant, the AZOC showed a much better photocatalytic efficiency (89.9 %) than pure ZnO powders (22.5 %) and ZnO/MNCF composites (53.3 %). Moreover, the AZOC composite can be recycled more than 10 times with negligible photocatalytic efficiency loss.

Keywords: Al-doped ZnO; Cellulose support; Macro-/nanoporous; Photocatalytic properties.