Objective:To compare the nasal microbiota diversity between chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp（CRSwNP） patients and controls, postoperative recurrent with non-recurrent CRSwNP, in order to provide new sight in CRSwNP treatment and prognosis. Method:Forty-eight patients with CRSwNP were recruited as the experimental group, and 33 patients who underwent FESS and had no sinus inflammatory disease, including nasal septum deviation,inverted papilloma, pituitary adenomas, chronic dacryocystitis,or optical canal fractures, were recruited as control group. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA was used to detect the bacterial communities in the nasal secretion which was collected from middle meatus during the operation. The difference of the microbiota diversity between CRSwNP and controls was compared. Patients with CRSwNP were followed up for 1 year after surgery to observe whether they had relapsed or not, and nasal secretions were collected again for bacterial microbiota detection. The difference between postoperative and preoperative microbiota of the non-recurrent CRSwNP were compared, and the difference between postoperative and preoperative microbiota of the recurrent CRSwNP were compared. Result:One year after surgery, 12 cases of CRSwNP recurred（recurrent rate 25%）. The clinical history of the recurrent group was longer than that of the non-recurrent group（P=0.018）, and the preoperative CT score（P=0.001）, nasal polyp size score（P=0.004） and the severity of postnasal drip symptom（P=0.032） in the recurrent group were significantly higher than non-recurrent group. Comparing the preoperative nasal microbiota of CRSwNP with control, there was no significant difference about the richness, α diversity and β diversity, but the relative abundance of Actinobacteria（FDR P=0.004） and Corynebacterium（FDR P=0.005） of CRSwNP were significantly lower than that of control. After operation, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria（FDR P＝0.012） and Corynebacterium（FDR P＝0.003） increased, while the Bacteroidetes（FDR P＝0.040） decreased in the non-recurrent CRSwNP; However, there was no change in the nasal bacterial microbiota in the recurrent group. Conclusion:CRSwNP was associated with nasal bacterial dysbiosis, and the postoperative improvement of dysbiosis was correlated with the prognosis of CRSwNP.
目的：比较慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）术后复发与非复发患者鼻腔菌群多样性的差异，为CRSwNP治疗及预后判断提供新思路和依据。 方法：纳入48例CRSwNP为实验组以及33例具有FESS手术指征且未合并鼻窦炎症疾病的鼻中隔偏曲、鼻腔鼻窦内翻乳头状瘤、垂体腺瘤、慢性泪囊炎、视神经管骨折等患者为对照组，采用16S rRNA高通量测序法对术中采集的中鼻道分泌物进行菌群检测，比较CRSwNP术前与对照组间的菌群差异。CRSwNP患者术后进行1年随访，观察是否复发，并再次采集中鼻道分泌物进行菌群检测，分别比较CRSwNP非复发组与复发组术后菌群与术前菌群的差异。 结果：术后1年内，12例CRSwNP复发，复发率25%。复发组病史长于非复发组（P=0.018），且复发组术前CT评分（P=0.001）、鼻息肉大小评分（P=0.004）以及鼻后滴漏症状严重程度（P=0.032）明显高于非复发组。CRSwNP术前与对照组菌群丰富度、α多样性、β多样性比较差异无统计学意义，但放线菌门（FDR P=0.004）以及棒状杆菌属（FDR P=0.005）相对丰度（MRA）较对照组明显降低。非复发组患者术后放线菌门（FDR P＝0.012）以及棒状杆菌属（FDR P＝0.003） MRA较术前增高，拟杆菌门（FDR P＝0.040） MRA较术前降低；而复发组术前、术后鼻腔菌群无明显变化。 结论：CRSwNP与鼻腔菌群失调有关，且术后菌群失调是否改善与CRSwNP预后有相关性。.
Keywords: bacterial microbiome diversity; chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps; microbial dysbiosis; prognosis; recurrence.
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