Fat-soluble nutrients and Omega-3 fatty acids as modifiable factors influencing preterm birth risk

Melissa Thoene; Matthew Van Ormer; Ana Yuil-Valdes; Taylor Bruett; Sathish Kumar Natarajan; Maheswari Mukherjee; Maranda Thompson; Tara M Nordgren; Wendy Van Lippevelde; Nina C Overby; Kwame Adu-Bonsaffoh; Ann Anderson-Berry; Corrine Hanson

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2019.12.002

Fat-soluble nutrients and Omega-3 fatty acids as modifiable factors influencing preterm birth risk

Placenta. 2020 Sep 1:98:38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.12.002. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: melissak.thoene@unmc.edu.
² Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: matthew.vanormer@unmc.edu.
³ Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: ana.yuilvaldes@unmc.edu.
⁴ Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA. Electronic address: tbruett2@unl.edu.
⁵ Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA. Electronic address: snatarajan2@unl.edu.
⁶ Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: mmukherj@unmc.edu.
⁷ Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: maranda.thompson@unmc.edu.
⁸ Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA. Electronic address: tmnordgren@gmail.com.
⁹ Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Post-box 422, N-4604, Kristiansand, Norway; Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: wendy.vanlippevelde@ugent.be.
¹⁰ Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Post-box 422, N-4604, Kristiansand, Norway. Electronic address: nina.c.overby@uia.no.
¹¹ University of Ghana Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, P.O. Box GP 4236, Accra, Ghana. Electronic address: bonsaffoh@yahoo.com.
¹² Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: alanders@unmc.edu.
¹³ Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. Electronic address: ckhanson@unmc.edu.

Abstract

Preterm birth is a leading cause of child morbidity and mortality, so strategies to reduce early birth must remain a priority. One key approach to enhancing birth outcomes is improving maternal dietary intake. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss mechanisms on perinatal status of fat-soluble nutrients (carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols) and omega-3 fatty acids and how they impact risk for preterm birth. Literature review demonstrates that maternal dietary intake and biological (blood and placental tissue) levels of fat-soluble nutrients during pregnancy may provide antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory health benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids also promote increased production of specialized pro-resolving mediators, subsequently mediating inflammation resolution. Combined effects of these nutrients support appropriate placental organogenesis and function. Consequently, fat-soluble nutrients and omega-3 fatty acids serve as strong influencers for preterm birth risk. As dietary intake remains a modifiable factor, future intervention would benefit from a focus on optimizing perinatal status of these specific nutrients.

Keywords: Carotenoid; Omega-3; Placenta; Preterm birth; Retinol; Tocopherol.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review

MeSH terms

Dietary Supplements*
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / therapeutic use*
Female
Humans
Phytochemicals / therapeutic use*
Pregnancy
Premature Birth / prevention & control*

Substances

Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Phytochemicals

Fat-soluble nutrients and Omega-3 fatty acids as modifiable factors influencing preterm birth risk

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding