Fabricating nanostructures and doping engineering are beneficial to tailor the photocatalytic activity of semiconductor materials, and the semiconducting photocatalysis is deemed to be one of the potential protocols to handle the environmental pollution and energy crisis issues. Herein, rodlike Cd-doped ZnWO4 Zn1-x Cd x WO4 nanoarchitectures were triumphantly prepared by a template-free strategy. The crystal structure, chemical state, optical, and photocatalytic features of the Zn1-x Cd x WO4 nanoarchitectures were studied using a variety of characterizations. The Zn1-x Cd x WO4 nanoarchitectures exhibit glorious photocatalytic performance compared with pristine ZnWO4 for the degradation of methyl orange in sewage. Mechanistic studies were executed for getting insights into the photocatalytic degradation process, and the remarkable photocatalytic property of the doped ZnWO4 nanoarchitectures is attributed to the boosted optical absorptive efficiency and the valid segregation and transmission of photogenerated charge carriers deriving from doping effects. The doped nanoarchitectures of this work have promising applications in the territories such as environment and energy chemistry, and the insight proposed in this work will contribute to develop other functionalized nanoarchitectures.