Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis PB6 improves sow reproductive performance and reduces piglet birth intervals

Qianqian Zhang; Jian Li; Meng Cao; Yan Li; Yong Zhuo; Zhengfeng Fang; Lianqiang Che; Shengyu Xu; Bin Feng; Yan Lin; Xuemei Jiang; Xilun Zhao; De Wu

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2020.04.002

Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis PB6 improves sow reproductive performance and reduces piglet birth intervals

Anim Nutr. 2020 Sep;6(3):278-287. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.04.002. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Authors

Qianqian Zhang^{1

2}, Jian Li^{1

2}, Meng Cao^{1

2}, Yan Li^{1

2}, Yong Zhuo^{1

2}, Zhengfeng Fang^{1

2}, Lianqiang Che^{1

2}, Shengyu Xu^{1

2}, Bin Feng^{1

2}, Yan Lin^{1

2}, Xuemei Jiang^{1

2}, Xilun Zhao^{1

2}, De Wu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, China.
² Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.

Abstract

We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis PB6 (B. subtilis PB6) during late gestation and lactation on sow reproductive performance, antioxidant indices, and gut microbiota. A total of 32 healthy Landrace × Yorkshire sows on d 90 of gestation were randomly assigned to 2 groups, with 16 replicates per group, receiving basal diet (CON) or the basal diet + 0.2% B. subtilis PB6, containing 4.0 × 10⁸ CFU/kg of feed (BS). The litter sizes (total born) and numbers of piglets born alive were larger in the BS group (P < 0.01), whereas the weights of piglets born alive and the piglet birth intervals were lower in the BS group (P < 0.05). Although the litter weights and piglet bodyweights (after cross-fostering) were lower after BS treatment (P < 0.05), the litter sizes, litter weights, lactation survival rate, and litter weight gains at weaning were higher in BS group (P < 0.05). The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the sow sera at parturition were lower in the BS group (P < 0.01). The serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) at parturition and the serum catalase (CAT) concentrations on d 21 of lactation were higher in the BS group (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with B. subtilis PB6 (P < 0.05) reduced the serum endotoxin concentrations in the sows and the serum cortisol concentrations of the piglets at d 14 of lactation. The α-diversity indices of microbial were higher in the CON group (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, B. subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundances of Gemmatimonadete and Acidobacteria (both P < 0.01) and reduced those of Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria (both P < 0.05). At the genus level, B. subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 cc (P < 0.05) and reduced that of Streptococcus (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that adding 4.0 × 10⁸ CFU/kg B. subtilis PB6 to sows' feed during late gestation and lactation could shorten piglet birth intervals, enhance the growth performance of suckling piglets, and improve the gut health of sows during late gestation.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis PB6; Gut microbiota; Reproductive performance; Sow.