Impact of TP53 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia patients treated with azacitidine

PLoS One. 2020 Oct 1;15(10):e0238795. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238795. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Hypomethylating agents are a classical frontline low-intensity therapy for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Recently, TP53 gene mutations have been described as a potential predictive biomarker of better outcome in patients treated with a ten-day decitabine regimen., However, functional characteristics of TP53 mutant are heterogeneous, as reflected in multiple functional TP53 classifications and their impact in patients treated with azacitidine is less clear. We analyzed the therapeutic course and outcome of 279 patients treated with azacitidine between 2007 and 2016, prospectively enrolled in our regional healthcare network. By screening 224 of them, we detected TP53 mutations in 55 patients (24.6%), including 53 patients (96.4%) harboring high-risk cytogenetics. The identification of any TP53 mutation was associated with worse overall survival but not with response to azacitidine in the whole cohort and in the subgroup of patients with adverse karyotype. Stratification of patients according to three recent validated functional classifications did not allow the identification of TP53 mutated patients who could benefit from azacitidine. Systematic TP53 mutant classification will deserve further exploration in the setting of patients treated with conventional therapy and in the emerging field of therapies targeting TP53 pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / therapeutic use*
  • Azacitidine / therapeutic use*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Female
  • France / epidemiology
  • Genes, p53*
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / genetics*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation*
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Registries
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics*

Substances

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Azacitidine

Associated data

  • figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.12897077.v1

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the French government under the "Investissement d'avenir" program (ANR-11-PHUC-001). During the period of the study Stéphanie Lagarde has received salary from the "Investissement d'avenir" program (ANR-11-PHUC-001). Eric Delabesse's laboratory has received fundings from association 111 des Arts, association Laurette Fugain and Ligue Régionale contre le Cancer. Pierre Bories has received funding from the association L’Alsace Contre le Cancer for his PhD thesis. All these funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.