The Delivery of Extracellular Vesicles Loaded in Biomaterial Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Hui-Chun Yan; Ting-Ting Yu; Jing Li; Yi-Qiang Qiao; Lin-Chuan Wang; Ting Zhang; Qian Li; Yan-Heng Zhou; Da-Wei Liu

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.01015

The Delivery of Extracellular Vesicles Loaded in Biomaterial Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Aug 19:8:1015. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.01015. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Hui-Chun Yan^{1

2

3}, Ting-Ting Yu^{1

2

3}, Jing Li^{1

2

3}, Yi-Qiang Qiao⁴, Lin-Chuan Wang⁵, Ting Zhang^{1

2

3}, Qian Li^{1

2

3}, Yan-Heng Zhou^{1

2

3}, Da-Wei Liu^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
² National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
³ Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
⁴ Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
⁵ Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous nanoparticles actively released by cells that comprise highly conserved and efficient systems of intercellular communication. In recent years, numerous studies have proven that EVs play an important role in the field of bone tissue engineering (BTE) due to several advantages, such as good biosafety, stability and efficient delivery. However, the application of EVs therapies in bone regeneration has not been widely used. One of the major challenges for the application of EVs is the lack of sufficient scaffolds to load and control the release of EVs. Thus, in this review, we describe the most advanced current strategies for delivering EVs with various biomaterials for the use in bone regeneration, the role of EVs in bone regeneration, the distribution of EVs mediated by biomaterials and common methods of promoting EVs delivery efficacy with a focus on biomaterial properties.

Keywords: bone regeneration; extracellular vesicle; regenerative medicine; tissue engineering; tissue scaffold.

Publication types

Review