Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

Excerpt

Lymphocytic hypophysitis is a rare pathology of the pituitary gland which presents with features of hypopituitarism due to inflammation of the pituitary gland and/or a sellar mass lesion. It consists of the infiltration of the pituitary gland by T and B lymphocytes. It is an autoimmune condition and is the most frequent histopathological subtype of primary hypophysitis. Endocrine symptoms are due to pituitary dysfunction and can include central diabetes insipidus, anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies, and hyperprolactinemia, or hyperprolactinemia. Given that it is relatively rare, diagnosis and treatment can be challenging.