Making Waves Perspectives of Modelling and Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Aquatic Environment for COVID-19 Pandemic

Manish Kumar; Sanjeeb Mohapatra; Payal Mazumder; Ashwin Singh; Ryo Honda; Chuxia Lin; Rina Kumari; Ritusmita Goswami; Pawan Kumar Jha; Meththika Vithanage; Keisuke Kuroda

doi:10.1007/s40726-020-00161-5

Making Waves Perspectives of Modelling and Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Aquatic Environment for COVID-19 Pandemic

Curr Pollut Rep. 2020;6(4):468-479. doi: 10.1007/s40726-020-00161-5. Epub 2020 Sep 12.

Authors

Manish Kumar^{1

2}, Sanjeeb Mohapatra³, Payal Mazumder⁴, Ashwin Singh⁵, Ryo Honda⁶, Chuxia Lin⁷, Rina Kumari⁸, Ritusmita Goswami⁹, Pawan Kumar Jha¹⁰, Meththika Vithanage¹¹, Keisuke Kuroda¹²

Affiliations

¹ Discipline of Earth Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Room No. 336A, Block 5, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355 India.
² Kiran C Patel Centre for Sustainable Development, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355 India.
³ Environmnetal Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076 India.
⁴ Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039 India.
⁵ Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355 India.
⁶ Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 9201192 Japan.
⁷ Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
⁸ School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030 India.
⁹ Department of Environmental Science, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam 781035 India.
¹⁰ Center of Environmental Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India.
¹¹ Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
¹² Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, 9390398 Japan.

Abstract

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the aquatic environment pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic has been a global concern. Though SARS-CoV-2 is known as a respiratory virus, its detection in faecal matter and wastewater demonstrates its enteric involvement resulting in vulnerable aquatic environment. Here, we provide the latest updates on wastewater-based epidemiology, which is gaining interest in the current situation as a unique tool of surveillance and monitoring of the disease. Transport pathways with its migration through wastewater to surface and subsurface waters, probability of infectivity and ways of inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 are discussed in detail. Epidemiological models, especially compartmental projections, have been explained with an emphasis on its limitation and the assumptions on which the future predictions of disease propagation are based. Besides, this review covers various predictive models to track and project disease spread in the future and gives an insight into the probability of a future outbreak of the disease.

Keywords: COVID-19; Modelling; Monitoring; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater.

Publication types

Review