Spatial evaluation of long-term metabolic changes induced by cisplatin nephrotoxicity

Toxicol Lett. 2020 Nov 1:334:36-43. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.09.006. Epub 2020 Sep 14.

Abstract

Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. However, it is causing nephrotoxic side effects including a reduced glomerular filtration rate and acute kidney injury. Although kidneys can recover to an extent from the treatment, long-term damage is possible. While a lot of research is focusing on short-term effects, little is known about adverse metabolic effects in the process of recovery. In this study, male Han Wistar rats were dosed with a single intraperitoneal injection of 3 mg/kg cisplatin. Urine and kidney samples were harvested 3, 8 and 26 days after administration. Tubular injury was demonstrated through urinary biomarkers. Complementing this, mass spectrometry imaging gives insight on molecular alterations on a spatial level, thus making it well suited to analyze short- and long-term disturbances. Various metabolic pathways seem to be affected, as changes in a wide range of metabolites were observed between treated and control animals. Besides previously reported early changes in kidney metabolism, unprecedented long-term effects were detected including deviation in nucleotides, antioxidants, and phospholipids.

Keywords: Cisplatin; Long-term effects; MALDI; Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI); Metabolomics; Nephrotoxicity.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / toxicity*
  • Antioxidants / metabolism*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Cisplatin / toxicity*
  • Energy Metabolism / drug effects*
  • Injections, Intraperitoneal
  • Kidney / drug effects*
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Kidney Tubules / drug effects
  • Kidney Tubules / metabolism
  • Kidney Tubules / pathology
  • Male
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Biomarkers
  • Cisplatin