Objective: To investigate the efficiency of various agroforestry systems for snail control in plateau hilly schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into the construction of agroforestry schistosomiasis control projects in plateau hilly regions.
Methods: The pilot areas of snail control forests with various agroforestry systems were built in snail-breeding farmlands in Eryuan County, Yunnan Province in 2010, and the economic benefits and snail control effect were investigated in 2018. In addition, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was created to screen the agroforestry system with high comprehensive benefits.
Results: A total of 14 types of pilot areas of snail control forests with various agroforestry systems were built. Economic benefit analysis showed that the"walnut + garlic"pattern had the best economic benefit, with annual economic benefits of 270 000 Yuan/hm2, followed by the"walnut + chili"pattern (annual economic benefits of 120 000 Yuan/hm2) and the "walnut + vegetables"pattern (annual economic benefits of 105 000 Yuan/hm2). No snails were detected in 8 types of the agroforestry systems, including the"walnut + chili"pattern, the"walnut + tobacco"pattern and the"walnut + garlic"pattern; however, there were snail found with various densities in other types of systems. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed that the"walnut + garlic"pattern had the best comprehensive control effect, followed by the"walnut + chili"pattern and the"walnut + tobacco" pattern, while the pure grassland pattern showed no effect on snail control.
Conclusions: The agroforestry system is a preferential approach of forestry schistosomiasis control in plateau hilly schistosomiasis-endemic areas, which not only achieves snail control effects, but also promotes economic development and ecological construction in poor hilly areas.
［摘要］ 目的 探索云南省高原山丘型血吸虫病流行区林农复合经营抑螺模式, 为高原山区林农复合血防工程建设积累经验。方法 2010年, 在云南省洱源县有钉螺孳生的农耕地建立不同林农复合套种经营抑螺试验林区; 2018年, 调查不同套种模式下的经济收益和抑螺效果, 并建立综合评判模型进行评判, 筛选出综合效益较高的林农复合经营抑螺模式。结果 共建立了14种不同种植模式的林农复合套种经营抑螺试验林区。经济效益分析显示, “核桃+ 大蒜”模式经济效益最佳, 年经济收益可达27万元/hm2; 其次为“核桃+ 辣椒”和“核桃+ 蔬菜”, 分别为12万元/hm2和10.5万元/hm2。钉螺调查显示, “核桃+ 辣椒”、“核桃+ 烟草”、“核桃+ 大蒜”等8种套种模式下未查到钉螺, 而其他模式仍均能查到密度不等的钉螺。综合模糊评判结果显示, “核桃+ 大蒜”模式综合防治效果最佳, 其次为“核桃+ 辣椒”和“核桃+ 烟草”等; 而纯草地模式不能起到抑螺防治效果。结论 林农复合经营的抑螺模式建设是高原山丘型血吸虫病流行区林业血防的优选途径, 其不仅具有抑螺效果, 且对贫困山区经济发展、生态建设等具有促进作用。.
Keywords: Forestry schistosomiasis control; Hilly region; Oncomelania snail; Schistosomiasis; Yunnan Province.