Jaceosidin a flavone abundant in Artemisia species has been used for its beneficial effects. This study investigated the apoptotic effect of jaceosidin treatment on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells at varying concentrations of (0, 10, 20 and 40 µM) for 24 and 48 h treatment times. Jaceosidin treatment induced a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent increase in apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Jaceosidin similarly modulated the expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins, and revealing a coaction between Bax and Bcl-2, striking a balance between cell survival/cell deaths. Besides, a significant increase in pro-apoptotic expression of cleaved PARP which is a key executioner in apoptosis was observed. Apoptosis was confirmed in the cells by flow cytometry which indicated an early apoptosis (7%, 17%), as well as late apoptosis (36%, 40%) of the cells in varying percentages as treatment concentration increased. Thus, this study demonstrates that jaceosidin could be used as a potential treatment for breast cancer.
Keywords: MCF-7; anticancer activity; apoptosis; human breast cancer cell; jaceosidin.