Mental health interventions for immigrant-refugee children and youth living in Canada: a scoping review and way forward

J Ment Health. 2023 Feb;32(1):276-289. doi: 10.1080/09638237.2020.1818710. Epub 2020 Sep 11.

Abstract

Background: Traumatic life events experienced by immigrant-refugee children and youth may deteriorate their mental health and well-being. It is a public health priority to develop appropriate mental health interventions for this population.

Aims: To understand the psychosocial needs of immigrant-refugee children and youth resettled in Canada in the context of their school and community and to identify the characteristics of school-/community-based mental health programs for this group.

Method: Arksey and O'Malley's methodology for scoping reviews was used to select the studies based on criteria, extract data in a table, and synthesize main findings.

Results: Fifteen peer-reviewed articles and five grey literature were identified. Key findings show that collaboration between schools, communities, and families play a crucial role in developing and implementing comprehensive mental health interventions for immigrant-refugee children/youth. Involving cultural brokers/interpreters and racially diverse school teachers/staff, is important to establish a trustful relationship between school authorities and marginalized population.

Conclusions: Further research is needed to examine the impact of collaborative mental healthcare among multiracial and newcomer families in Canada. Furthermore, there is a need to study the impact of adopting creative expression programs at schools/communities to improve emotional/behavioural problems and enhance school performance of these groups.

Keywords: Immigrants; children; community-based; mental health programs; refugees; school-based; youth.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Canada
  • Child
  • Delivery of Health Care
  • Emigrants and Immigrants*
  • Humans
  • Mental Health
  • Refugees* / psychology