the first 6 months of life to achieve optimal growth, development, and health. The World Health Organization recommends continuation of breastfeeding, with the addition of complementary foods, for at least 2 years. Despite this guidance, while most newborns and infants in the United States receive some breast milk, most are not exclusively breastfed, and breastfeeding frequently is discontinued earlier than recommended. The reasons for noninitiation or early cessation of breastfeeding are multifactorial. Commonly cited reasons for early discontinuation of breastfeeding include lactation and latching issues, concerns about infant nutrition and weight, concerns about taking drugs while breastfeeding, milk pumping, unsupportive work policies, and lack of social support. Racial and ethnic disparities exist regarding the initiation and duration of breastfeeding.
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