Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the detection capability has been improving and the detection techniques have been evolving with innovations. qRT- PCR and mNGS, which represent the current mainstay diagnostic technologies, play key roles in disease diagnosis and monitoring of virus variation. The detection technologies based on serum and plasma IgM and IgG antibodies are important for auxiliary diagnosis. RT-LAMP is highly specific for a diagnostic purpose. Digital PCR could quantitatively detect nucleic acid and SHERLOCK has a higher sensitivity. These techniques all have great potential for future development and application for pathogen detection. In this review the authors summarize the basic rationales, technical characteristics and the current application of the SARS-CoV-2 detection techniques.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发以来，我国的病毒检测能力不断提高，检测技术也在不断地发展和创新。以实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）和宏基因组测序为代表的病毒检测技术在辅助疾病确诊、监测病毒变异等方面发挥了关键作用；基于血清/血浆IgM/IgG抗体的检测技术是辅助确诊的重要方法；高特异性的逆转录环介导等温扩增技术、能够核酸定量的数字PCR和灵敏度更高的SHERLOCK技术也极具特色与发展潜力。以上检测技术代表了病原微生物检测技术的现在及未来发展方向。本文对新型冠状病毒检测技术的基本原理、技术特点及应用现状进行探讨。
Keywords: SARS-Cov-2; SHERLOCK; antibody; digital PCR; qRT-PCR.