Effects of foot massage and patient education in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Anxiety, pain, and fatigue are common postoperative problems that disturb the recovery and quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. These postoperative problems are associated with prolonged recovery and decreased quality of life. This study was aimed at evaluating the combined effects of foot massage and patient education on anxiety, fatigue, pain, self-efficacy, and quality of life in patients undergoing CABG surgery.

Material and methods: In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), 130 participants were randomly allocated to experimental (n = 65) and control (n = 65) groups. The experimental group received a combination of foot massage and patient education as interventions and the control group received usual care of the hospital.

Results: The experimental group had a significant decrease in anxiety (p = 0.001), fatigue (p = 0.001), pain (p = 0.001), and increased self-efficacy (p = 0.001) and quality of life (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: The combined form of foot massage and patient education is effective in decreasing anxiety, fatigue, pain, and increasing self-efficacy and the quality of life. These interventions will support the recovery of patients and reduce their suffering.

Keywords: Anxiety; Coronary artery bypass graft; Fatigue; Foot massage; Pain; Patient education; Quality of life; Self-efficacy.