Transition delay using biomimetic fish scale arrays

Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 3;10(1):14534. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71434-8.

Abstract

Aquatic animals have developed effective strategies to reduce their body drag over a long period of time. In this work, the influence of the scales of fish on the laminar-to-turbulent transition in the boundary layer is investigated. Arrays of biomimetic fish scales in typical overlapping arrangements are placed on a flat plate in a low-turbulence laminar water channel. Transition to turbulence is triggered by controlled excitation of a Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) wave. It was found that the TS wave can be attenuated with scales on the plate which generate streamwise streaks. As a consequence, the transition location was substantially delayed in the downstream direction by 55% with respect to the uncontrolled reference case. This corresponds to a theoretical drag reduction of about 27%. We thus hypothesize that fish scales can stabilize the laminar boundary layer and prevent it from early transition, reducing friction drag. This technique can possibly be used for bio-inspired surfaces as a laminar flow control means.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animal Scales*
  • Animals
  • Biomimetics / methods*
  • Fishes
  • Hydrodynamics