Objectives: To evaluate the repairing ability of nano-pearl powder bone substitute in rabbit with defect of distal femur bone.
Methods: Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: a nano-pearl powder/recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2)/hyaluronic acid group, a nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group, a nano-pearl powder group and a blank control group (n=8 in each group). A defect with the diameter of 7 mm and height of 10 mm was prepared at the distal femoral metaphysis line of the rabbit.Different bone substitutes were planted, and the effect of repair was evaluated by macroscopic observation, imaging examination, and histopathological examination.
Results: The results of imageology showed that: the bone repairing effect in the nano-pearl powder/rhBMP-2/hyaluronic acid group was better than that in the pure pearl powder group and the nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group, and which in the 3 experimental groups was better than that in the blank control group; The results of histology showed that: at the 4th, 8th and 12th weeks after the modeling operation, the speed of bone repair in the nano-pearl powder/rhBMP-2/hyaluronic acid group was faster than that in the pure pearl powder group and the nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group, and which in the blank control group was far slower than that in the 3 experimental groups. The results of immunohistochemistry staining for osteocalcin antibody showed that: the osteogenic effect in the nano-pearl powder/rhBMP-2/hyaluronic acid group was better than that in the pure pearl powder group and the nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group (both P<0.05); there was no significant difference between the nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group and the pure pearl powder group (P>0.05); however, there was significant difference between the pure pearl powder group and the blank control group (P<0.05). According to the staining results of Type I collagen antibody, there was no significant difference in the osteogenic effect between the nano-pearl powder/rhBMP-2/hyaluronic acid group and the nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group (P>0.05), but the osteogenic effect in the nano-pearl powder/hyaluronic acid group was better than that in the pure pearl powder group and the blank control group (both P<0.05).
Conclusions: Nano-pearl powder and its bone substitute can promote the repair of bone defect, and the nano-pearl powder which contains rhBMP-2 has better osteogenic and repairing effect on defect.
目的: 探讨纳米珍珠粉人工骨在兔股骨远端骨缺损中的修复能力。方法: 将32只新西兰大白兔随机分为纳米珍珠粉/重组人骨形态发生蛋白2(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2，rhBMP-2)/透明质酸人工骨组、纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组、单纯珍珠粉组和空白对照组，每组8只。在兔股骨远端干骺线处制备直径为 7 mm，高为10 mm的圆柱状骨缺损模型，按分组植入不同骨替代材料，通过大体标本、影像学检查、组织病理学检查来观察不同材料的成骨修复效果。结果: 影像学检查表明：纳米珍珠粉/rhBMP-2/透明质酸人工骨组的骨修复效果优于单纯珍珠粉组和纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组，3个实验组的骨修复效果均优于未放置任何骨替代材料的空白对照组；组织学结果表明：在骨缺损造模术后第4周、8周、12周，纳米珍珠粉/rhBMP-2/透明质酸人工骨组的骨修复速度要比单纯珍珠粉组和纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组快，空白对照组的骨修复速度远落后于3个实验组。骨钙素抗体染色结果表明：纳米珍珠粉/rhBMP-2/透明质酸人工骨组的成骨效果优于纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组(P<0.05)；纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组与单纯珍珠粉组的成骨效果相比差异不明显(P>0.05)；单纯珍珠粉组和空白对照组之间成骨效果差异明显(P<0.05)。I型胶原蛋白抗体的染色结果表明：纳米珍珠粉/rhBMP-2/透明质酸人工骨组的成骨效果与纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组相比差异不明显(P>0.05)，纳米珍珠粉/透明质酸人工骨组的成骨效果优于单纯珍珠粉组和空白对照组(均P<0.05)。结论: 纳米珍珠粉及其人工骨能够促进骨缺损的修复，而其中含有rhBMP-2 的纳米珍珠粉人工骨对骨缺损的成骨修复效果更佳。.
Keywords: artificial bone; bone defect; bone substitute; hyaluronic acid; nano-pearl powder; recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2; tissue engineering.