Objective: To compare the caries experience and the kinds of dental treatment between children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and children without systemic disease who were all treated under general anesthesia. Methods: Totally 103 children with ASD who received dental treatments under general anesthesia in 13 professional dental hospitals around China from April to November 2016 were included in the present study. A group of 97 children without systemic disease, according to the age, gender and application propensity score matching method, were chosen as controls, who received dental treatments under general anesthesia between January 2015 to November 2018 in the same hospitals as the children with ASD. Decay missing filling tooth (DMFT/dmft, DMFT for permanent teeth and dmft for primary teeth) indices of two groups of children and the contents of the dental treatments under general anesthesia were analyzed. Results: No significant difference of DMFT/dmft index ［M (Q 25, Q 75)］ was found between children with ASD group ［0 (0, 3)/11(8, 14)］ and control group ［0 (0, 3)/9(7, 13)］ (P>0.05). The average number of dental treatments under general anesthesia and the average number of endodontic treatment in children with ASD were 13 (11, 15) and 3 (2, 6) teeth respectively, while those in the control group were 12 (9, 14) and 2 (1, 4) teeth respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusions: No significant difference was found between children with ASD and the normal controls who receive dental treatments under general anesthesia in DMFT/dmft index, but the treatment needs of children with ASD is relatively higher, and their tooth decay is relatively severer.
目的： 了解进行全身麻醉下牙齿治疗的孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）儿童的患龋情况及牙齿治疗内容特点。 方法： 选择2016年4至11月参与中央财政支持的中华口腔医学会“关爱孤独症儿童口腔健康”项目，全身麻醉下进行牙齿治疗的103例ASD患者作为ASD组，病例来源于我国13家口腔专科医院，依据年龄、性别，应用分层倾向评分配比法选择2015年1月至2018年11月在相同13家口腔专科医院接受全身麻醉下牙齿治疗的97名无全身疾病的儿童作为对照（对照组），对两组儿童的龋失补牙数（decay missing filling tooth，DMFT/dmft，DMFT表示恒牙，dmft表示乳牙）和全身麻醉下牙齿治疗的内容进行统计分析。 结果： ASD组与对照组儿童人均DMFT/dmft［M（Q25，Q75）］分别为0（0，3）/11（8，14）和0（0，3）/9（7，13），两组差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。全身麻醉下人均牙齿治疗数量ASD组［13（11，15）颗］显著高于对照组［12（9，14）颗］（P<0.01）；ASD组儿童人均牙髓治疗数量［3（2，6）颗］显著高于对照组［2（1，4）颗］（P<0.05）。 结论： 进行全身麻醉下牙齿治疗的ASD与对照组儿童相比，DMFT/dmft差异无统计学意义，但ASD组儿童全身麻醉下牙齿治疗数量相对更多，龋坏程度相对较重。.
Keywords: Anesthesia, general; Autism spectrum disorder; DMF index; Pediatric dentistry; Pulp treatment.