Enabling one-pot Golden Gate assemblies of unprecedented complexity using data-optimized assembly design

PLoS One. 2020 Sep 2;15(9):e0238592. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238592. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

DNA assembly is an integral part of modern synthetic biology, as intricate genetic engineering projects require robust molecular cloning workflows. Golden Gate assembly is a frequently employed DNA assembly methodology that utilizes a Type IIS restriction enzyme and a DNA ligase to generate recombinant DNA constructs from smaller DNA fragments. However, the utility of this methodology has been limited by a lack of resources to guide experimental design. For example, selection of the DNA sequences at fusion sites between fragments is based on broad assembly guidelines or pre-vetted sets of junctions, rather than being customized for a particular application or cloning project. To facilitate the design of robust assembly reactions, we developed a high-throughput DNA sequencing assay to examine reaction outcomes of Golden Gate assembly with T4 DNA ligase and the most commonly used Type IIS restriction enzymes that generate three-base and four-base overhangs. Next, we incorporated these findings into a suite of webtools that design assembly reactions using the experimental data. These webtools can be used to create customized assemblies from a target DNA sequence or a desired number of fragments. Lastly, we demonstrate how using these tools expands the limits of current assembly systems by carrying out one-pot assemblies of up to 35 DNA fragments. Full implementation of the tools developed here enables direct expansion of existing assembly standards for modular cloning systems (e.g. MoClo) as well as the formation of robust new high-fidelity standards.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • DNA / metabolism*
  • DNA Ligases / metabolism
  • DNA Restriction Enzymes / metabolism
  • Nucleotides / metabolism
  • Synthetic Biology / methods*

Substances

  • Nucleotides
  • DNA
  • DNA Restriction Enzymes
  • DNA Ligases

Grants and funding

This work was funded internally by New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, of which all authors are employees. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for: J.M.P., V.P., R.B.K., K.B., E.J.C., and G.J.S.L., but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.