Network analysis of psychotic manifestations among cocaine users

Abstract

Psychotic experiences can be described along a continuum ranging from no psychotic experience at all, to clinical psychotic disorder. Any individual in the general population may encounter psychotic experiences under certain circumstances. Transient Cocaine Induced Psychotic Symptoms (TCIPS) are a well described model of such circumstances. Therefore, our aim was to use a network analysis to get a better knowledge on the architecture of previously described risk factors and how they contributed to two different measures of psychosis (psychosis proneness and transient cocaine induced psychotic symptoms) This study is a secondary analysis conducted among 180 cocaine users in addiction care centers in Paris and Paris suburb, who were evaluated with the PDI (Peters Delusion Inventory) and the SAPS-CIP (Scale for the Assessment of Psychotic Symptoms - Cocaine Induced Psychosis). Schizophrenia diagnosis was extracted from medical record. Relevant variables significantly associated with SAPS-CIP total score or PDI at the first step were included in a network analysis to better figurate their respective associations. The network centrality measures showed that the product preferentially used (crack vs cocaine) was related to TCIPS, psychosis proneness and, to a lesser extent, schizophrenia. Secondly, in this model TCIPS is a mediator between intensive cocaine use and psychosis proneness. Thirdly, this study refines the previous knowledge on heavy cannabis use being a risk factor for TCIPS. The observed link is not direct but mediated by psychosis proneness.

Keywords: Cocaine use disorder; Network analysis; Psychosis proneness; Schizophrenia.