Immunological and Symptomatic Effects of Oral Intake of Transgenic Rice Containing 7 Linked Major T-Cell Epitopes from Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergens

Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2021;182(2):109-119. doi: 10.1159/000509996. Epub 2020 Aug 27.

Abstract

Background: A rice-based peptide vaccine containing 7 linked human predominant T-cell epitopes (7Crp) derived from Japanese cedar (JC) pollen allergens, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, was developed. Here, we examined the efficacy and safety of this transgenic rice in JC pollinosis patients.

Methods: Transgenic rice (5, 20, and 80 g) was administered orally. We measured the T-cell proliferative activity against 7Crp, Cry j 1, and Cry j 2; the cytokine expression levels; and specific IgE and IgG4 production levels. In addition, the symptom and medication scores were monitored during the pollen season, and quality of life (QOL) was evaluated.

Results: T-cell proliferative activities to Cry j 1, Cry j 2, and 7Crp were significantly depressed in a dose-dependent manner. Oral intake of 80 g transgenic rice for 20 weeks resulted in significant suppression of allergen-specific T-cell proliferation with downregulation of IL-13 and upregulation of IL-10 levels but no changes to specific IgE and IgG4 levels. The QOL symptom scores for allergic rhinitis were not significantly improved.

Conclusions: Allergen-specific T-cell responses were significantly reduced by oral intake of transgenic rice in a dose-dependent manner. However, neither medication score nor QOL symptom scores could be improved during the JC pollen season with oral intake of transgenic rice for 20 weeks.

Keywords: Allergic rhinitis; Japanese cedar; Peptide immune therapy; Pollinosis; T cell epitopes.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Allergens / immunology*
  • Antigens, Plant / immunology*
  • Cryptomeria / immunology*
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Oryza / immunology*
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Pollen / immunology*
  • Quality of Life
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / diagnosis
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / immunology
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / prevention & control*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines / immunology
  • Vaccines, Subunit / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Subunit / immunology

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Antigens, Plant
  • Cytokines
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Subunit
  • Immunoglobulin E