Novel carfilzomib-based combinations as potential therapeutic strategies for liposarcomas

Cell Mol Life Sci. 2021 Feb;78(4):1837-1851. doi: 10.1007/s00018-020-03620-w. Epub 2020 Aug 26.

Abstract

Proteasome inhibitors, such as bortezomib and carfilzomib, have shown efficacy in anti-cancer therapy in hematological diseases but not in solid cancers. Here, we found that liposarcomas (LPS) are susceptible to proteasome inhibition, and identified drugs that synergize with carfilzomib, such as selinexor, an inhibitor of XPO1-mediated nuclear export. Through quantitative nuclear protein profiling and phospho-kinase arrays, we identified potential mode of actions of this combination, including interference with ribosome biogenesis and inhibition of pro-survival kinase PRAS40. Furthermore, by assessing global protein levels changes, FADS2, a key enzyme regulating fatty acids synthesis, was found down-regulated after proteasome inhibition. Interestingly, SC26196, an inhibitor of FADS2, synergized with carfilzomib. Finally, to identify further combinational options, we performed high-throughput drug screening and uncovered novel drug interactions with carfilzomib. For instance, cyclosporin A, a known immunosuppressive agent, enhanced carfilzomib's efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, these results demonstrate that carfilzomib and its combinations could be repurposed for LPS clinical management.

Keywords: Combinational therapies; Liposarcoma; Proteasome inhibitors.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
  • Bortezomib / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Nucleus / drug effects
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Drug Synergism
  • Exportin 1 Protein
  • Fatty Acid Desaturases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Fatty Acid Desaturases / genetics*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Hydrazines / pharmacology
  • Karyopherins / genetics*
  • Liposarcoma / drug therapy*
  • Liposarcoma / genetics
  • Liposarcoma / pathology
  • Oligopeptides / pharmacology*
  • Piperazines / pharmacology
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / drug effects
  • Proteasome Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / genetics*
  • Triazoles / pharmacology

Substances

  • Hydrazines
  • Karyopherins
  • Oligopeptides
  • Piperazines
  • Proteasome Inhibitors
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
  • SC 26196
  • Triazoles
  • selinexor
  • Bortezomib
  • carfilzomib
  • Fatty Acid Desaturases
  • FADS2 protein, human
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex