Tenuifilum thalassicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel moderate thermophilic anaerobic bacterium from a Kunashir Island shallow hot spring representing a new family Tenuifilaceae fam. nov. in the class Bacteroidia

Syst Appl Microbiol. 2020 Sep;43(5):126126. doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2020.126126. Epub 2020 Aug 5.

Abstract

A novel anaerobic moderately thermophilic bacterium, designated strain 38H-strT, was isolated from a 12m deep hot spring of the Kunashir Island shore. Gram-negative cells were non-spore-forming, motile, straight or curved filamentous rods, occasionally forming loops and knots. The strain grew at 20-65°C and pH range of 4.0-9.0 with an optimum at 50°C and pH 6.5-7.0. Strain 38H-strT required 0.5-2.5% NaCl (1.5% is an optimum) for growth. It was a chemoorganoheterotroph, growing on carbohydrates (starch, pullulan, alginate, laminarin, beta-glucan) or peptide mixtures and proteins (peptone, tryptone, gelatin, and α- or β- keratins). Major products of glucose fermentation were acetate, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. Major cellular fatty acids were iso- and anteiso-C15:0. Phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid, and three unidentified polar lipids were detected in cellular lipids fractions. The quinone was MK-7. The size of complete genome of strain 38H-strT was 3.2 Mb; DNA G+C content was 38.3mol%. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence and conserved protein sequences phylogenies, strain 38H-strT represented a deeply branched lineage near the root of the class Bacteroidia. Based on phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic features the novel isolate was assigned to a novel family within the order Bacteroidales for which the name Tenuifilaceae fam. nov. is proposed. Strain 38H-strT (=DSM 100343T =VKM B-2964T) represents the first genus and species Tenuifilum thalassicum gen. nov., sp. nov.

Keywords: Hot spring; Hydrolytic; Kunashir Island; Obligate anaerobe; Tenuifilum; Thermophile.

MeSH terms

  • Anaerobiosis
  • Bacteroidetes / classification*
  • Bacteroidetes / genetics
  • Bacteroidetes / isolation & purification*
  • Bacteroidetes / physiology
  • Base Composition
  • Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • Carbohydrates
  • DNA, Bacterial / chemistry
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • Fatty Acids / analysis
  • Fermentation
  • Genes, Bacterial
  • Genes, rRNA
  • Genome, Bacterial
  • Hot Springs / microbiology*
  • Hot Temperature
  • Lipids / analysis
  • Peptides / metabolism
  • Phenotype
  • Phylogeny
  • Proteins / metabolism
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Russia
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA

Substances

  • Carbohydrates
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Fatty Acids
  • Lipids
  • Peptides
  • Proteins
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S