Association between Satisfaction with Dialysis Treatment and Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: CKD is associated with a reduction of patients' health-related quality of life. Considering the time spent in dialysis, satisfaction with care is essential for patients QOL.

Objective: Since the possible association between satisfaction with the dialysis care and QOL has never been studied, in this study, we explore this plausible link.

Methods: One hundred three patients on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) filled-in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs). QOL was assessed by Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 and satisfaction by Choices for Healthy Outcomes in Caring for End-Stage Renal Disease (CHOICE) questionnaire. The analysis was conducted on patient-level, considering for single patient sociodemographic characteristics and presence of depression/anxiety. One-way ANOVA was used to compare QOL mean scores for patients who answered "excellent" and for those who answered "other ratings" in CHOICE questionnaire and the Pearson χ2 test to compare the patients' characteristics between these 2 groups of patients.

Results: The analysis showed a significant positive association between PREM and PROM scores for 8 out of 23 CHOICE items. Six of them were related to the figure of nephrologist, 1 to dialysis access site, and 1 to the social worker support. Significant association (p < 0.05) were between frequency of seeing nephrologist and physical component plus mental component, accuracy of information from nephrologist and burden of disease, accuracy of instructions from nephrologist and burden of disease, coordination between nephrologist and other physicians plus mental component, attention to cleanliness of access site and mental component, amount of dialysis information from staff and burden of disease, information from staff when choosing between HD or PD and physical component plus burden of disease, and ease of seeing social worker and burden of disease.

Conclusions: The study provides support for the relationship between the care satisfaction and QOL, highlighting the central role of the nephrologist-patient communication in the QOL of dialysis patients.

Keywords: Dialysis; Kidney disease quality of life-36; Patient-reported outcome measures; Quality of life; Satisfaction.