The Spheres & Shield Maze Task: A Virtual Reality Serious Game for the Assessment of Risk Taking in Decision Making

Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2020 Nov;23(11):773-781. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0761. Epub 2020 Aug 24.

Abstract

Risk taking (RT) is an essential component in decision-making process that depicts the propensity to make risky decisions. RT assessment has traditionally focused on self-report questionnaires. These classical tools have shown clear distance from real-life responses. Behavioral tasks assess human behavior with more fidelity, but still show some limitations related to transferability. A way to overcome these constraints is to take advantage from virtual reality (VR), to recreate real-simulated situations that might arise from performance-based assessments, supporting RT research. This article presents results of a pilot study in which 41 individuals explored a gamified VR environment: the Spheres & Shield Maze Task (SSMT). By eliciting implicit behavioral measures, we found relationships between scores obtained in the SSMT and self-reported risk-related constructs, as engagement in risky behaviors and marijuana consumption. We conclude that decontextualized Virtual Reality Serious Games are appropriate to assess RT, since they could be used as a cross-disciplinary tool to assess individuals' capabilities under the stealth assessment paradigm.

Keywords: evaluation methodologies; implicit measures; risk taking; serious games; virtual reality.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Behavior Observation Techniques / methods*
  • Computer Simulation
  • Decision Making*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Maze Learning
  • Pilot Projects
  • Risk-Taking*
  • Video Games / psychology*
  • Virtual Reality*