Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of immediate rehabilitation of the edentulous and potential edentulous jaws with implant-supported full-arch prostheses and analyse the risk factors of the complications. Methods: This retrospective study included 273 patients treated with immediate rehabilitation of the edentulous and potential edentulous jaws with implant-supported full-arch prostheses from April 2008 to December 2018 in Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. The patients' sex, age, place of residence, jaw position, opposing dentition, number of implants, diameter and length of implants, abutment height and abutment angle were recorded. The survival rate of implants and marginal bone loss were calculated and analyzed. Cox proportional hazards ratio model was adopted to analyze the potential risk factors of prosthetic complications. Results: A total of 225 patients (288 jaws) and 1 260 implants were included, with 126 males and 99 females, aged (57.3±11.0) years, with a following time of (5.04±3.08) years. The 1-year cumulative survival rate of implants was 98.0% (1 235/1 260). Forty-eight implants were lost during the follow-up, with 39 implants in the maxillae and 9 implants in the mandible. The risk of implant failure of the maxillae ［7.2% （39/541）］ is significantly higher than that of the mandible ［1.3% （9/719）］ (P<0.01). Average marginal bone loss at 1 and 5 years was (0.7±0.2） mm and （1.1±0.3） mm. One hundred and twenty patients experienced prosthetic complications including screw/abutment loosening (44 cases), screw/abutment fracture (2 cases) and artificial tooth/denture base fracture (99 cases). The possibility of immediate prosthesis fracture within 6-8 months was high but declined over the following years with the final prosthesis delivered. Cox regression analysis showed that the use of 17° abutments in the anterior region was significantly related to the prosthetic complications （hazard ratio=1.797, P=0.002）. Conclusions: Immediate rehabilitation of the edentulous jaws with implant-supported full-arch prostheses can be a predictable technique. The immediate prosthetic mechanical complication prevalence was high. The use of 17° abutments in the anterior region may increase the risk of screw/abutment loosening. It is necessary to review in time.
目的： 通过追踪随访全牙弓种植即刻修复患者，评价全牙弓种植即刻修复的长期临床效果，并分析修复体并发症的影响因素。 方法： 纳入2008年4月至2018年12月在北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院种植科行全牙弓种植即刻修复治疗的273例患者，采用回顾性研究的方法，记录患者的性别、年龄、居住地、修复颌位、对颌牙列情况、种植体数目、直径、长度、基台高度、基台角度，对种植体存留率、种植体边缘骨吸收、术后并发症进行归纳和评估，并采用Cox比例风险模型进行临时修复体并发症影响因素的分析。 结果： 随访225例全牙弓种植即刻修复患者，男性126例，女性99例，年龄为（57.3±11.0）岁，共计288个颌位，1 260枚种植体，随访时间（5.04±3.08）年。种植体1年累积存留率为98.0%（1 235/1 260）。48枚种植体出现脱落或折断而失败，分布于27例患者的28个单颌中，其中上颌39枚，下颌9枚，上颌种植体失败风险［7.2%（39/541）］显著高于下颌［1.3%（9/719）］（P<0.01）。第1和5年种植体边缘骨吸收分别为（0.7±0.2）和（1.1±0.3） mm。即刻修复体戴用期间53.3%（120/225）的患者发生机械并发症，其中44例（45个单颌）发生修复螺丝或基台松动，2例（2个单颌）修复螺丝或基台折断，99例（112个单颌）人工牙或基托折裂。即刻修复体戴用6~8个月内机械并发症的发生概率较大，更换终末修复体后发生概率变小。Cox多因素回归分析显示前牙区使用17°角度基台与修复体机械并发症显著相关（风险比=1.797，P=0.002）。 结论： 全牙弓种植即刻修复治疗长期临床效果可预测；临时修复体机械并发症发生率较高；前牙区17°角度基台的使用可能增加螺丝或基台松动的风险，全牙弓种植即刻修复患者定期复查是必要的。.
Keywords: Cox proportional hazards ratio model; Dental implantation; Denture, complete, immediate; Postoperative complications.