Half-Elemental Diet Shifts the Human Intestinal Bacterial Compositions and Metabolites: A Pilot Study with Healthy Individuals

Jun Miyoshi; Daisuke Saito; Mio Nakamura; Miki Miura; Tatsuya Mitsui; Toru Kudo; Shinnosuke Murakami; Minoru Matsuura; Tadakazu Hisamatsu

doi:10.1155/2020/7086939

Half-Elemental Diet Shifts the Human Intestinal Bacterial Compositions and Metabolites: A Pilot Study with Healthy Individuals

Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2020 Aug 6:2020:7086939. doi: 10.1155/2020/7086939. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Jun Miyoshi¹, Daisuke Saito¹, Mio Nakamura², Miki Miura¹, Tatsuya Mitsui¹, Toru Kudo³, Shinnosuke Murakami³, Minoru Matsuura¹, Tadakazu Hisamatsu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan 1818611.
² Nutrition Department, Kyorin University Hospital, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan 1818611.
³ Metabologenomics, Inc., 246-2 Kakuganji-Mizukami, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata, Japan 9970052.

Abstract

Methods: This prospective study included four healthy volunteers. The subjects continued their dietary habits for 2 weeks after the registration of the study and then started half-ED replacing 900 kcal of the regular diet with ED (time point 1, T1). The subjects continued half-ED for 2 weeks (T2). After the withdrawal of ED, subjects resumed their original dietary habits for 2 weeks (T3). Fecal samples were collected from all subjects at all time points, T1-3. Fecal DNA and metabolites were extracted from the samples. We performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metabolomic analysis to examine the bacterial compositions and intestinal metabolites.

Results: There were differences in the gut bacterial compositions and metabolites at each time point as well as overtime changing patterns between subjects. Several bacteria and metabolites including short-chain fatty acids and bile acids altered significantly across the subjects. The bacterial membership and intestinal metabolites at T3 were different from T1 in all subjects.

Conclusions: Half-ED shifts the gut bacterial compositions and metabolites. The changes varied with each individual, while some microbes and metabolites change commonly across individuals. The impact of half-ED may persist even after the withdrawal. This trial is registered with UMIN ID: 000031920.