Outcomes of treatment with CHOP and EPOCH in patients with HIV associated NHL in a low resource setting

BMC Cancer. 2020 Aug 24;20(1):798. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07305-2.

Abstract

Background: The optimal chemotherapy regimen for treating HIV associated NHL in low resource settings is unknown. We conducted a retrospective study to describe survival rates, treatment response rates and adverse events in patients with HIV associated NHL treated with CHOP and dose adjusted-EPOCH regimens at the Uganda Cancer Institute.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with HIV and lymphoma and treated at the Uganda Cancer Institute from 2016 to 2018 was done.

Results: One hundred eight patients treated with CHOP and 12 patients treated with DA-EPOCH were analysed. Patients completing 6 or more cycles of chemotherapy were 51 (47%) in the CHOP group and 8 (67%) in the DA-EPOCH group. One year overall survival (OS) rate in patients treated with CHOP was 54.5% (95% CI, 42.8-64.8) and 80.2% (95% CI, 40.3-94.8) in those treated with DA-EPOCH. Factors associated with favourable survival were BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, (p = 0.03) and completion of 6 or more cycles of chemotherapy, (p < 0.001). The overall response rate was 40% in the CHOP group and 59% in the DA-EPOCH group. Severe adverse events occurred in 19 (18%) patients in the CHOP group and 3 (25%) in the DA-EPOCH group; these were neutropenia (CHOP = 13, 12%; DA-EPOCH = 2, 17%), anaemia (CHOP = 12, 12%; DA-EPOCH = 1, 8%), thrombocytopenia (CHOP = 7, 6%; DA-EPOCH = 0), sepsis (CHOP = 1), treatment related death (DA-EPOCH = 1) and hepatic encephalopathy (CHOP = 1).

Conclusion: Treatment of HIV associated NHL with curative intent using CHOP and infusional DA-EPOCH is feasible in low resource settings and associated with > 50% 1 year survival.

Keywords: DA-EPOCH CHOP; HIV associated NHL; Low resource settings; Treatment outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anemia / chemically induced
  • Anemia / economics
  • Anemia / epidemiology
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / economics
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
  • Cyclophosphamide / adverse effects
  • Cyclophosphamide / economics
  • Doxorubicin / administration & dosage
  • Doxorubicin / adverse effects
  • Doxorubicin / economics
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Etoposide / administration & dosage
  • Etoposide / adverse effects
  • Etoposide / economics
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy / chemically induced
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy / economics
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous / economics
  • Infusions, Intravenous / methods
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / drug therapy*
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / economics
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / immunology
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neutropenia / chemically induced
  • Neutropenia / economics
  • Neutropenia / epidemiology
  • Prednisone / administration & dosage
  • Prednisone / adverse effects
  • Prednisone / economics
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sepsis / chemically induced
  • Sepsis / economics
  • Sepsis / epidemiology
  • Survival Rate
  • Thrombocytopenia / chemically induced
  • Thrombocytopenia / economics
  • Thrombocytopenia / epidemiology
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Uganda / epidemiology
  • Vincristine / administration & dosage
  • Vincristine / adverse effects
  • Vincristine / economics

Substances

  • Vincristine
  • Etoposide
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Prednisone

Supplementary concepts

  • CHOP protocol
  • EPOCH protocol