Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors, according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In addition to the possible subtypes of autism, several medical and behavioral conditions are known to co-exist with it. It is estimated that approximately 75% of individuals with ASD present with associated medical conditions, genetic syndromes, or mental health disorders. One of the major limitations when identifying, diagnosing, treating and understanding ASD is the fact that ASD is exclusively defined based on the observation of behaviors. The fact remains that there is no proven biological measurement (e.g., blood test or radiological scan) which can identify pathophysiological processes that can aid in the diagnosis or treatment this group of patients.
Keywords: ASD; autism; therapy.
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